Insulin

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Insulin


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Gabatarwa

Insulin, sinadari ne da ke taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen dadaita sinadarin bilkodin jini (blood glucose levels). Rashin insulin ko gazawar jiki wajen ingantacce aiki da shi kan iya kaiwa ga samuwar alamomin ciwon sukari. Ƙari a kan haka kuma shi ne cewa, insulin yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen adana maiƙo kamar yadda ya zo a, The Global Diabetes Community, (2019). Insulin ne ke taimakawa bilkodi, wato sukari kenan ya bar cikin jini ya shiga cikin ƙwayoyin halittar tsokar jiki (muscles cells) da ke dukkan jikin ɗa’adam wadda su kuma ƙwayoyin halittar suke amfani da shi a matsayin kuzari (energy) wadda jiki ke buƙata ya yi aiki kamar yadda ya dace.

Mene ne Insulin?

Insulin, sinadari ne da ke samuwa daga wani sashen jiki a cikin halittu mai suna fankiris(pancreas) wadda ke agazawa sinadarin bilkodi (glucose) da ke cikin jini ya shiga cikin ƙwayoyin halittar (cells) tsokar jiki (muscle), maiƙo (fat) da kuma ƙoda (liver), guraren (tsokar jiki, maiƙo da ƙoda) da ake amfani da shi domin kuzari (energy), kamar yadda National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (2018) ta siffata shi. Ƙari a kan haka kuma ita kanta ƙodar tana samar da bilkodi a lokacin da ake da buƙatar hakan kamar a lokutan azumi.

Idan bilkodin jini wadda kuma ake kira da sukarin jini ya yi sama bayan an ci abinci, fankiris tana sakin insulin zuwa cikin jini, daga nan shi kuma insulin ɗin sai ya sauko da bilkodin ƙasa zuwa daidai wa daida.

Maɓuɓugar Insulin

Kai tsaye, insulin yana samuwa daga fankiris. Da zarar an ci abinci, ƙwayoyin halittar da alhakin radaddaga abinci ke wuyansu za su radaddaga kabohaidiret ya koma bilkodi, wato sukari wanda kuma shi ne tushen kuzari (energy) da jiki ke samu. Daga nan kuma sai adadin bilkodin ya ƙaru a jiki; wato ya hau kenan. Saboda haka sai nan-take fankiris ta saki insulin ya bi jini domin adana wannan bilkodin a matsayin kuzari don amfanin gaba tare kuma da daidaita shi. Idan adadin bilkodin ya ragu; wato ya yi ƙasa kenan, sai ƙoda ta saki (wani) bilkodin ya shiga cikin jini. Haka abin yake ta jujjuyawa, kamar yadda ya zo a Jaffe da Hess-Fischl (2021); Utiger (2021).

Aikin Insulin a Jikin Ɗa’adam

  1. Yana daidaita sinadarin bilkodi (sukarin jini) a cikin jini.
  2. Adana bilkodin da ya yi rara a cikin ƙoda a matsayin sinadarin gilkojin (glycogen).
  3. Yana taimakawa wajen radaddaga maiƙo ko furotin zuwa kuzari.
  4. Agazawa jiki ya mayar da abinci (food) zuwa kuzari (energy).
  5. Yana sake gina tsokar jiki (muscles) idan ta samu matsala sakamakon rashin lafiya ko rauni ta hanyar kai sinadaran Amino asid (Amino Acids) zuwa tsoka wadda shi ake buƙata domin gayarata da kuma haɓɓaka girmanta da kuzarinta.
  6. Agazawa aikin ƙwaƙwalwa na koyo (learning) da kuma riƙe (memory) abubuwa.

Bijirewa Insulin

Gazawar ƙwayoyin halittar tsokar jiki (muscles), maiƙo (fats) da kuma ƙoda (liver) wajen yin aikin da ya dace da su ta fuskacin aiki da sinadarin insulin domin daidaita sinadarin bilkodi; wato ya zama basa iya yin ƙasa da shi, shi ne abin da ake nufi da bijirewa insulin, abin da a Turance aka kira Insulin Resistance.

Wannan bijirewa ta jiki ga insulin ɗin tana haifar da gajeren ciwon sukari, prediabetes kenan a Turance, wadda kuma sannu a hankali yake kaiwa ga ciwon sukari nau’i na biyu (Type 2 Diabetes).

Hanyoyin Inganta Insulin

  1. Motsa Jiki.
  2. Rage Nauyi.
  3. Cin abinci da ke ɗauke da sinadarin furotin kamar irin su wake, lamsir, fiya (Avocado), dangin gyaɗa, da sauransu.
  4. Cin kifi nau’in sadin da sauransu.
  5. Cin kayan marmari da ‘ya’yan itatuwa kamar irin su kanju/ɗan kanju, lemo, kabewa, ‘ya’yan riɗi, citta, tafarnuwa, girf, alkama, kankana, koko (cocoa), tufa, karas, dankali (gashi ya fi dafi),
  6. Samun isasshen barci.
  7. Ƙaranta aikin gajiya.
  8. Yawan amfani da ingantaccen koren shayi (green tea) kowane iri ne.
  9. Amfani da kal-tufa (Apple Cider Viniger) a abinci.
  10. Amfani da hatsi kamar irin su gero, dawa, maiwa da sauransu.

Sai dai, an yi gargaɗi wajen rage yawan cin kayyakin da suke da maiƙo sosai daga cikin nau’ukan abincin da aka lissafa.

Allurar Insulin

Allura ce da aka ƙirƙiro ta sheƙaru ɗari cur da suka shuɗe (1921 – 2021). Cikin tsakiyar daren ranar 31 ga watan Oktobar 1920 wani Bature mai suna Dr. Frederick G. Banting ya farka da wannan tunani na samar da wannan sinadari na insulin. Wanda kuma hakan sakamako ne na dogon lokaci da Dakta Banting ya ɗauka yana nazari da bincike a kan sinadarin kabohaidiret da kuma ciwon siga.

Daga baya Dakta Bantig ya haɗu da Dakta John J. R. Macleod, shugaban sashen fishiyoloji (Head of Physiology) na Jami’ar Toronto da ke ƙasar Canada wadda shi kuma ya amince cewa ya zo cikin farkon bazarar shekarar 2021 domin gudanar da wannan bincike nasa a ɗakin gwaje-gwajen kimiyya (laboratory) na jami’ar.

Hakan kuwa aka yi, lokacin na yi sai Dakta Banting ya ɗaga daga Ontario da ke Ingila zuwa Toronoto ta Canada inda aka haɗa shi da wani ɗalibi mai suna Charles Best da ya riƙa taimaka masa wajen gudanar da gwaje-gwajen.

Daga ƙarshe, a cikin watan Disambar 1921, haƙarsa ta gama cimma ruwa. Inda aka fara amfani da wannan allura a ranar 11 ga watan Janairun 1922 a babban asibitin garin Toronto (Toronto General Hospital) a kan wani ɗan shekaru 14 mai suna Leonard Thompson.

Manazarta:

Center for Disease Control and Prevention USA (2021). Insulin Resistance and Diabetes. An Ciro a shearer 2021 data shafin: https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/basics/insulin-resistance.html
Jaffe L da Hess-Fischl A. (2021). What Is Insulin? An Ciro a shearer 2021 daga shafin: https://www.endocrineweb.com/conditions/type-1-diabetes/what-insulin

Handzel S. (2021). How to Help Your Body Release More Insulin Naturally. An Ciro a shearer 2021 data shafin: https://www.healthgrades.com/right-care/diabetes/how-to-help-your-body-release-more-insulin-naturally

International Insulin Federation (2021). The Discovery of Insulin. An ciro a shekarar 2021 daga shafin: https://insulinat100.org/the-discovery-of-insulin/

Clinic (2021): Diabetes Treatment: Using Insulin to Manage Blood Sugar. An ciro a shekarar 2021 daga shafin: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/in-depth/diabetes-treatment/art-20044084

Medical News Today (2018). An Overview of Insulin. An ciro a shekarar 2021 daga shafin: https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/323760

National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (2018). Insulin Resistance & Prediabetes. An ciro a shekarar 2021 daga shafin: https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/diabetes/overview/what-is-diabetes/prediabetes-insulin-resistance

Raman R. (2021). 14 Natural Ways to Improve Your Insulin Sensitivity. An Ciro a shearer 2021 data shafin: https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/improve-insulin-sensitivity

 

Smith Y. (2021). Insulin's Role in the Human Body.  An ciro a shekarar 2021 daga shafin: https://www.news-medical.net/health/Insulins-role-in-the-human-body.aspx

 

The Global Diabetes Community (2019). Insulin. An ciro a shekarar 2021 daga shafin: https://www.diabetes.co.uk/body/insulin.html

Utiger R.D. (2021). Insulin. An ciro a shekarar 2021 daga shafin: https://www.britannica.com/science/insulin

Sauran Shafukanmu:

Rumbun Ilimi   Maidarasu    Balangada    Tashar Yutub